A Treatise on the Interpretation of the Verse:{Or do those who commit evil deeds …} [al-Jathiyah: 21]by al-Shihab al-Khafaji (d. 1069 AH)A Critical and Analytical Study

Abstract

Abstract

This study presents a critical edition and analysis of a treatise by Imam Shihab al-Din al-Khafaji (d. 1069 AH), in which he examines the meaning of the Qur’anic verse: “Or do those who commit evil deeds think…” (Surah Al-Jathiyah: 21). The author reviews the views of various exegetes, explains why the verse is referred to as “Mubkāt al-‘Ābidīn” (that which causes the worshippers to weep), and discusses their differences regarding its grammatical analysis and its impact on meaning.

The study also addresses the variant Qur’anic readings (qirā’āt), their interpretations, and how they influence the meaning of the verse. Additionally, it touches on the concept of simile in the context of negation, with illustrative examples, alongside other scholarly insights.

The research follows a recognized critical editing methodology, comparing the text with its original sources. Its significance lies in addressing complex issues examined by al-Khafaji, which have challenged leading exegetes. It further highlights the importance of auxiliary sciences, particularly grammar and rhetoric, for Qur’anic interpretation and notes al-Khafaji’s distinguished contribution through his ḥāshiyah on Bayḍāwī’s tafsīr.

The study concludes by emphasizing the interconnectedness of Islamic sciences, the importance of qirā’āt and grammatical analysis in understanding the Qur’an, and al-Khafaji’s scholarly depth in tafsīr. It also underscores the value of studying Qur’anic rhetoric for accurate interpretation. The study recommends further critical editing of al-Khafaji’s exegetical works, especially his independent treatises, and stresses the close relationship between Arabic linguistic sciences and tafsīr.