Effectiveness of remote sensing technique in monitoring the effect of flood drainage networks on vegetation cover in Makkah city

Abstract

The research sought to reveal the effectiveness of the Remote sensing technique in monitoring the effect of flood drainage networks on Vegetation cover in Makkah city. For that, two images were obtained for the SPOT-5 /7 satellite for 2005 and 2020, spatial and statistical data for the flood drainage networks. Then, all study data were analyzed using OSAVI, unsupervised classification method, Overlay, and Slope. The research concluded that there are five box tunnels (exits); for the drainage of floodwater. It was also found that the construction of the flood drainage network in Makkah city is affected by natural conditions such as height, slope, valleys, and human factors such as urban growth in the city. As it turns out that the discharge of floodwater through the five exits led to the growth of dense vegetation around these exits. It was found that the highest percentage of vegetation coverage was from the eastern exit in 2005 and the southern exit (B) in 2020.